## ColorMatrix

`ColorMatrix` (clip, string "mode", bool "interlaced", bool "mmx", bool "hints", string "d2v", bool "debug")

Version 1.9. February 23th, 2005
Copyright (C) 2004-2005 Wilbert Dijkhof.
contact: wilbertdijkhof at yahoo.com

### Description of the filter

`ColorMatrix` corrects the colors of MPEG-2 streams of dvds. More correctly, many MPEG-2 streams use slightly different coefficients (called Rec.709) for storing the color information than AviSynth's color conversion routines or the XviD/DivX decoders (called Rec.601) do, with the result that DivX/XviD clips or MPEG-2 clips encoded by TMPGEnc/QuEnc are displayed with slighty off colors (which looks like a small difference in brightness). This can be checked by opening the MPEG-2 stream directly in VDubMod.

This filter recalculates the YUV values (using the default mode = "Rec.709->Rec.601") assuming the coefficients which are used by AviSynth/VDub/DivX/XviD, with the consequence that your final encoding (MPEG-2 or MPEG-4) is displayed correctly. However, you can also use hints = true instead or specifying the d2v-file d2v = filename which does the correction automatically if needed. See Options for more information.

In case you captured something or you have a XviD/DivX (both are encoded Rec.601 coefficients), and you want to encode it to mpeg-2 using CCE (which assumes Rec.709 coefficients), you should use the following script (progressive material)

    ColorMatrix(clip, mode="Rec.601->Rec.709")

The following converts a YV12/YUY2 stream to RGB using Rec.709 coefficients (which might be useful if you want to convert DVD to MPEG-2 using TMPGEnc)

    ConvertToRGB(clip, matrix="Rec.709")

It should give the same results as

    ColorMatrix(clip, mode="Rec.601->Rec.709")
    ConvertToRGB()

As a final note. This filter will clamp (= round) your input video to CCIR-601 compliant values (these ranges are 16-235 for the luma component and 16-240 for the chroma component).

### Options

mode (default "Rec.709->Rec.601")

mode can be "Rec.601->Rec.709" or "Rec.709->Rec.601", see Description of this filter for examples of when to use this options. Note this option will be overrided when using hints = true or d2v = filename.

interlaced (default false)

For interlaced material use

    Mpeg2source("F:\TestStreams\avs\AguileraGrammies.d2v", info=3) # for dgdecode v1.20 or newer
    ColorMatrix(hints=true, interlaced=true)

    or if you don't want to use hints

    Mpeg2source("F:\TestStreams\avs\AguileraGrammies.d2v")
    ColorMatrix(interlaced=true)

mmx (default true)

Due to rounding differences, the mmx (only present for YV12) and c output is not exactly the same. The maximum difference on the Y plane is +-2 and for UV its +-1. An mmx parameter is included to disable the usage of mmx-optimizations if you want to though.

    ColorMatrix(clip, mode="Rec.601->Rec.709", mmx=false)

hints (default false)

DGDecode v1.20 and newer versions output colorimetry hints in the video. The colorimetry info (see Colorimetry) can be viewed using

    Mpeg2source("F:\TestStreams\avs\AguileraGrammies.d2v", info=1)

The hints are used when setting info=3 in Mpeg2source, setting hints = true in ColorMatrix and when using ColorMatrix directly after loading the video

Mpeg2source("F:\TestStreams\avs\AguileraGrammies.d2v", info=3)
ColorMatrix(hints=true)

When hints are not passed through (for examle because you are using a wrong dvd2avi/dgdecode version) it will output an error.

Technically (although I've never seen such streams) the colorimetry info can be different throughout your video, the hints option will handle this correctly.

d2v

When specifying the d2v file it will take the colorimetry info directly from the d2v itself

Mpeg2source("F:\TestStreams\avs\AguileraGrammies.d2v")
ColorMatrix(d2v="AguileraGrammies.d2v")

This is useful when the colorimetry info doesn't change throughout your video (as is almost always the case), because it is much faster than using hints. If it does, it will output an error. If the d2v- file is located in a different folder as the AviSynth script you have to give the full path of the d2v-file.

For people who are interested, it is this (and consequent) line(s) in the d2v file

    800 5 0 8210 0 0 32 32 92 b2 b2 a2 b2 b2 a2 b2 b2 a2

I've made the colorimetry info bold. See Colorimetry for an explanation of the info.

debug

You can use debug = true to check that it is finding the hints. Output debug information via OutputDebugString() (use DebugView utility to view this information).

### Colorimetry

This is a list of all possibilities according to the mpeg-2 specs and DGDecode, and behind it how GSpot abbreviates it

1 ITU-R BT.709 | I709
4 FCC (almost the same as ITU-R BT.601) | FCC
5 ITU-R BT.470-2 (exactly the same as ITU-R BT.601) (recommendation BT.601 is an update BT.470-2) | I470
6 SMPTE 170M (exactly the same as ITU-R BT.601) | S170
7 SMPTE 240M (almost the same as ITU-R BT.709) | S240

For ColorMatrix we assume I709 = S240 and I470=FCC=S170, because the error will be very small.

## Background information

There are several ways to convert a YUV stream to RGB. The most well known one, uses Rec.601 coefficients. It is for example used in the color conversion routines of AviSynth, VirtualDub and XviD/DivX. When playing back a XviD/DivX the stream is converted to RGB using Rec.601 coefficients. The main issue is that sometimes other coefficients are used for the YUV to RGB conversion (the other two are Rec.709 coefficients and FCC coefficients). A problem arises if a stream is encoded using one set of coefficients (Rec.709 coefficients for many dvd streams for example), and somewhere in the reencoding-processing-playback chain a different set of coefficients is assumed (Rec.601 coefficients for the XviD/DivX decoder or FCC coefficients for TMPGEnc/QuEnc or Rec.709 coefficients for CCE). You will get a slightly color distortion, which looks like a change in brightness (it's not really a change in brightness, the colors are just slightly off).

How do you know what set of coefficients are using when encoding a MPEG-2 stream? Sometimes the coefficients are stored in the header of the MPEG-2 file (the "matrix coefficients" field in the "sequence display extension"). Newer versions of GSpot will be able to read this part of the header, but also DGDecode (with Mpeg2source(info=1)) can be used to view them. If this extension field is not present in the header of the MPEG-2 file, the specs say we are supposed to use the default Rec.709 coefficients (0.2126, 0.7152, 0.0722).

## References

users reporting the problem - getting different brightness when comparing the avs script with opening the mpeg2 directly VDubMod.
background info - doom9 thread about the problem.
the "matrix coefficients" field specifies a set of coefficients given in Table 6-9 of ISO/IEC 13818-2, section 6.3.6 (Rec.709 are not entirely correct).
ITU-R_BT.709 - you can get three free recommendations per valid email address.

## Version

v1.9, 23th February 2005 (by tritical)

- Fixedg the overflow in the rec.601->rec.709 mmx conversion.

v1.8, 13th February 2005 (by tritical)

- Can use hints from dgdecode.dll (dgdecode v1.2 and higher) when hints=true.
- Can use info in d2v when d2v=filename is given.
- Interlaced support (interlaced=true).
- Debug information.

v1.7, 30th January 2005 (by tritical)

- mmx and other optimizations.

v1.6, 29th January 2005 (by Wilbert)

- Small corrections (corrected Rec.601->Rec.709 in YV12 mode).

v1.5, 30th October 2004 (by Wilbert)

- Corrected mpeg2-coefficients (from ITU-R_BT.709, ISO/IEC 13818-2 slightly wrong).
- mpeg2-coefficients renamed to Rec.709.
- mpeg1-coefficients renamed to Rec.601.
- Removed rgb=true, since the internal ConvertToRGB(clip, matrix="Rec.709") is faster.

v1.4, 26th October 2004 (by Wilbert)

- Added "mpeg1->mpeg2" mode.
- Added rgb=true, which converts to RGB24 using mpeg2 coefficients.

v1.3, 4th of October 2004 (by Manao)

- Replaced float by integer computations. Almost two times faster.

v1.2, 12th September 2004 (by Sh0dan)

- Use float instead of double. They have enough precision and are much faster. It can however be changed back by changing the typedef in ColorMatrix.h
- Simpler algorithms.
- Use internal limiter for output also, instead of very slow if-then.
- Better rounding (adding 0.5 for more exact float to int conversion).

v1.1, 12th September 2004

- Uses limiter first to get CCIR-601 compliant digital video.
- Also returns CCIR-601 compliant digital video.

v1.0, 11th September 2004

- Initial release.